Most Influential Explorer
According to the information I have learned so far, I believe that Ferdinand Magellan was the greatest European explorer. Ferdinand Magellan had many contributions to the founding of America and the rest of the world. Ferdinand Magellan had the goal of sailing around the whole world. Ferdinand and his crew left from Spain in 1519 to discover more about the world. They traveled from Spain to the coast of South America. He then found a shortcut neat Southern South America, which was later named the Strait of Magellan. When they got through the strait they found the large ocean in front of them which Magellan then named the "Pacific Ocean". They traveled west away from the Americas, and found the island of Guam in 1521. After replenishing their necessities, they traveled to the Philippine island of Cebu. In Cebu, neighboring islands were threatening to battle. Magellan agreed to help the people of Cebu in battle, which was not the best idea. On April 27, 1521 he was shot by a poison arrow and died. The crew kept going to finish their captains dream. They finally reached Seville, Spain on November 5, 1521. They had many boxes of exotic spices, but only one ship with 18 sailors finished the trip. Ferdinand Magellan had and idea that opened new parts of the world for other explorers. That is why he is the most influential explorer.
According to the information I have learned so far, I believe that Ferdinand Magellan was the greatest European explorer. Ferdinand Magellan had many contributions to the founding of America and the rest of the world. Ferdinand Magellan had the goal of sailing around the whole world. Ferdinand and his crew left from Spain in 1519 to discover more about the world. They traveled from Spain to the coast of South America. He then found a shortcut neat Southern South America, which was later named the Strait of Magellan. When they got through the strait they found the large ocean in front of them which Magellan then named the "Pacific Ocean". They traveled west away from the Americas, and found the island of Guam in 1521. After replenishing their necessities, they traveled to the Philippine island of Cebu. In Cebu, neighboring islands were threatening to battle. Magellan agreed to help the people of Cebu in battle, which was not the best idea. On April 27, 1521 he was shot by a poison arrow and died. The crew kept going to finish their captains dream. They finally reached Seville, Spain on November 5, 1521. They had many boxes of exotic spices, but only one ship with 18 sailors finished the trip. Ferdinand Magellan had and idea that opened new parts of the world for other explorers. That is why he is the most influential explorer.
Surviving in Jamestown
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9. Sword: A short distance man to man weapon. 10. Coins: Can be used to bu or trade. 11. Hammock: A comfortable place to rest. 12. Candle Holder: A fireproof way to carry a candle through darkness. 13. Case Bottle: used to hold liquids. 14. Beads: Can be traded for resources. 15. Bartman Jar: Holds or stores food and water. |
House of Burgesses
The House of Burgesses was the first legislature in the colonies located in Virginia. Here political leaders could create, approve, and veto laws. Its first order of business was to create a minimum price for tobacco, and it was held in Jamestown.
Pilgrims
The pilgrims came to America for religious freedom from Britain. They came over on a boat named the "Mayflower", and landed in a town called Plymouth.
Mayflower Compact
The Causes of the Revolution
The House of Burgesses was the first legislature in the colonies located in Virginia. Here political leaders could create, approve, and veto laws. Its first order of business was to create a minimum price for tobacco, and it was held in Jamestown.
Pilgrims
The pilgrims came to America for religious freedom from Britain. They came over on a boat named the "Mayflower", and landed in a town called Plymouth.
Mayflower Compact
The Causes of the Revolution
- The French and Indian War: The colonists along with the British fought against the French and the native Indians to take control of the Ohio River Valley.
- Proclamation of 1763: A law passed by the British that forbid the colonists from settling west of the Appalachian Mountains.
- The Stamp Act: A tax that was passed on the colonists that made them pay for any piece of printed paper including newspapers, legal papers, and licenses.
- Quartering Act: Britain forced the colonists to home and feed British soldiers in their home. The colonist were told it was for safety, but they didn't believe it.
- The Townshend Act: The British parliament continued to tax more items like glass, paint, oil, lead, paper, and tea. They started doing the trading of these objects at the ports instead of the shops, so people wouldn't know how much money they were actually losing.
- The Boston Massacre: A group of colonial citizens were in the streets of Boston throwing snowballs and rocks. A group of British soldiers were trying to contain them until somebody fired their gun, but nobody know who.
- The Boston Tea Party: A group of patriots named the "Sons of Liberty", dressed up as Mohawk Indians and boarded a British ship. They started pouring all of the tea into the Boston harbor. They did this as a reaction to the tea act and no representation in parliament.
- The Intolerable Acts: A group of different actions passed by the British like closing the port of Boston and reinstating the quartering act.
- Lexington and Concord: The British general sent 700 of his soldiers to come and seize a colonial weapons cache. The first shot was fired and is now known as the "Shot heard 'round the world".
The Battles of the Revolution
Lexington and Concord: The British general sent 700 of his soldiers to come and seize a colonial weapons cache. The first shot was fired and is now known as the "Shot heard 'round the world".
The Battle of Trenton: General George Washington and his army were suffering from their most recent loss against the British. George Washington and his army crossed the Delaware River to surprise attack a group of British and German soldiers. It was a successful raid, killing many British and German soldiers and taking even more as prisoner. Not one American was killed.
The Battle of Saratoga: This battle was a major turning point in the war. This was the first war that the colonists fought the traditional way, and they still beat the British. This made them feel like they really had a chance to defeat the British.
The Battle of Camden: This battle was a major victory for the British army. The militia retreated leaving the continental army completely outnumbered. They were able to use hit and run tactics to drive back the British to Yorktown.
The Battle of Yorktown: This was the final battle of the Revolution. The British were surrounded by the continental army and the militia on land, and the French navy in the ocean firing cannons. The British general advised his army to surrender. 6,000 British were taken prisoner, and 500 were killed.
Essay: I believe that the most significant moment in the Patriots gaining independence from Britain was the battle of Saratoga. The Battle of Saratoga was thought of as a major turning point in the patriots war against the British. The battle of Saratoga was a two month battle between the Patriots and the British. The two battles of the Battle of Saratoga was fought in the September and the October in the year 1778. The point of the battle was to encourage the French to come and join them in their revolution. If they won, they could have the French give them fighting support, and bring them new supplies. This would be a major morale booster if the Patriots were to come out on top of this battle.
When the battle happened, it was a very knew experience for the Patriots because it was a new way of fighting. The colonists were used to using guerilla warfare to fight there enemies. For this battle they were fighting in the traditional style against the British. They stood in lines on opposite sides of the field and shot each other with their muskets and cannons. The colonist were very frightened, and with good reason. They were fighting against the number one military force in the world at that time, and all they had was a few continental soldiers and an unexperienced militia. The colonists and the British would take turns firing into each other's lines. Each time more and more soldiers would go down. It was an intense battle, but the Patriots still came out the victors. It was a major turning point in the American Revolution.
The Patriots couldn't have been more excited with their hard earned victory. They left that battle feeling a lot more confident in their cause. Now they knew they could defeat the British not just in hit and run tactics, but also the traditional style which was very empowering. Along with a new confident and eager spirit, they received support from the French. The French trained the militia, brought supplies, and played a major role in the battle of Yorktown. That is why the Battle of Saratoga was the most significant moment of the American Revolution.
Lexington and Concord: The British general sent 700 of his soldiers to come and seize a colonial weapons cache. The first shot was fired and is now known as the "Shot heard 'round the world".
The Battle of Trenton: General George Washington and his army were suffering from their most recent loss against the British. George Washington and his army crossed the Delaware River to surprise attack a group of British and German soldiers. It was a successful raid, killing many British and German soldiers and taking even more as prisoner. Not one American was killed.
The Battle of Saratoga: This battle was a major turning point in the war. This was the first war that the colonists fought the traditional way, and they still beat the British. This made them feel like they really had a chance to defeat the British.
The Battle of Camden: This battle was a major victory for the British army. The militia retreated leaving the continental army completely outnumbered. They were able to use hit and run tactics to drive back the British to Yorktown.
The Battle of Yorktown: This was the final battle of the Revolution. The British were surrounded by the continental army and the militia on land, and the French navy in the ocean firing cannons. The British general advised his army to surrender. 6,000 British were taken prisoner, and 500 were killed.
Essay: I believe that the most significant moment in the Patriots gaining independence from Britain was the battle of Saratoga. The Battle of Saratoga was thought of as a major turning point in the patriots war against the British. The battle of Saratoga was a two month battle between the Patriots and the British. The two battles of the Battle of Saratoga was fought in the September and the October in the year 1778. The point of the battle was to encourage the French to come and join them in their revolution. If they won, they could have the French give them fighting support, and bring them new supplies. This would be a major morale booster if the Patriots were to come out on top of this battle.
When the battle happened, it was a very knew experience for the Patriots because it was a new way of fighting. The colonists were used to using guerilla warfare to fight there enemies. For this battle they were fighting in the traditional style against the British. They stood in lines on opposite sides of the field and shot each other with their muskets and cannons. The colonist were very frightened, and with good reason. They were fighting against the number one military force in the world at that time, and all they had was a few continental soldiers and an unexperienced militia. The colonists and the British would take turns firing into each other's lines. Each time more and more soldiers would go down. It was an intense battle, but the Patriots still came out the victors. It was a major turning point in the American Revolution.
The Patriots couldn't have been more excited with their hard earned victory. They left that battle feeling a lot more confident in their cause. Now they knew they could defeat the British not just in hit and run tactics, but also the traditional style which was very empowering. Along with a new confident and eager spirit, they received support from the French. The French trained the militia, brought supplies, and played a major role in the battle of Yorktown. That is why the Battle of Saratoga was the most significant moment of the American Revolution.
Articles of Confederation
The Articles of Confederation was America's first constitution. It was a unicameral legislative body with an executive committee that oversaw the government. The articles established a "firm league of friendship" in the colonies.
Strengths-
Executive:The Executive Branch consist of the President and the cabinet members. The president has to be 35 years old or older, and has the power to veto or allow a law. The president is at the top of the Executive Branch , and is the nation's chief executive.
Judicial: kjscg64
The Articles of Confederation was America's first constitution. It was a unicameral legislative body with an executive committee that oversaw the government. The articles established a "firm league of friendship" in the colonies.
Strengths-
- Declare war and peace
- make treatys
- Establish army and navy
- appoint high ranking officials
- requisition, print, borrow money
- Established weight and measurements
- hear state disputes
Executive:The Executive Branch consist of the President and the cabinet members. The president has to be 35 years old or older, and has the power to veto or allow a law. The president is at the top of the Executive Branch , and is the nation's chief executive.
Judicial: kjscg64
The Executive Branch:
Qualifications-
- 35 years old
- natural born citizen
- US resident for 14 years
- Anyone born in the United States
- Anyone born outside of the United States, both of whose parents are citizens of the US, as long as one parent lived in the US.
- 1789-$25,000
- 1873-$50,000
- 1909-$75,000
- 1949-$100,000
- 1969-$200,000
- 2001-$400,000
- 1841: William Henry became the 1st presiedent to die while in office.
- Vice president John Tyler set a tradition by declaring himself president.
- 1967: 25th Amendment
- Since ratified, 25th amendment has been used 3 times:
- 1973: VP Spiro Angnew resigned; and president nixon replaced him with Gerald Ford
- 1974: President Nixon resigned and Gerald Ford became president.
- 1985: President Reagan was shot and during surgery
- 8 US presidents have died while in office: William Henry Harrison, Zachary Taylor, Abraham Lincoln, James A. Garfield, William McKinley, Warren G. Harding, John F. Kennedy, Franklin Delano Roosevelt
- 1974: Congress passed the Presidential Succession Act which indicates the order of succession to the presidency.
- The Vice President
- Speaker of the House
- President Pro Tempore
- Secretary of State
- Has the Secretary of the Treasury
- Secretary of Defense
- Attorney General
- Secretary of the Interior
- Secretary of Agriculture
- Secretary of Commerce
- Secretary of Labor
- Secretary of Health and Human Services
- Secretary of Housing and Urban Development
- Secretary of Transportation
- Secretary of Energy
- Secretary of Education
- Secretary of Veterans Affairs
- Secretary of Homeland Security
- 7 Major Roles of the President
- Chief Executive
b. Issues Executive Orders (rule or command the President issues that has the force of law; usually
2. Chief Diplomat
a. responsible for making treaties with other countries with senate approval
b. meets with foreign leaders
c. can make executive agreements with leaders of other countries
d. Has the force of law
3. Commander in Chief
a.president is final authority over all military matters, o founding fathers belived in civilian control over the military; person elected by the people has final say over all military matters
1973- Wars Power Act passed by congress
a. 60 days to bring troops somewhere
4. political party leader
a. supports party members in election campaigns and helps unify the party
5. Legislative Leader
a. propose legislation and uses many tactics to get the bill passed.
b. prepares the federal budget
c. approves or veto legislation
6.Judicial Leader
a. appoints justices whose point of view is similar to their own
b. appoints judges to federal courts and the us supreme court
7. Chief of State
a. role is symbolic- president is representing people from all 50 states
b. gives a human face to American govt.
c. can be demonstrated in many ways
The Vice President:
Qualifications: Same as the President.
Duties and Responsibilities: Serves as President of the Senate(only constitutional duty).-President delegates out many responsibilities to VP:
- taking part in presidential cabinet meeting
- helping with Diplomatic relations with other countries
- advising and helping president make important decisions
- Judicial Branch created in Article III of the U.S. constitution
- only 1 federal court created- The U.S. Supreme Court
- gives power to congress to create any lower federal courts
- Federal Courts- handle criminal and civil cases involving federal law oer any constitutional issue
- State Courts- handle criminal and civil cases involving state law
- Criminal Case- Government or state charges an individual with violating one or more laws
- Supreme Court- created by the constitution
- Federal District Court- created by congress through the Judiciary Act of 1789- act as federal trial courts
- U.S. court of appeals- created by congress in 1891- act as federal appeal courts
- For all federal courts, judges serve for life- appointed by president of U.S. and confirmed by Senate
- created by congress in 1891 to help lessen the work load of the Supreme Court
- decide apeals from US district court
- 12 US Court of Appeals
- only court actually created directly by the constitution
- highest court in the federal judicial system
- final authority in dealing with questions arising from the constitution, federal laws, and treaties
- has both original and appellate jurisdiction
- 90% of cases appeals from lower federal courts
- congress establishes the size of the Supreme Court
- current size- 8 associates justices and 1 chief justice
- justices nominated by president of the US and confirmed by senate
- serve for ¨life¨
- no formal qualifications for federal judges
- federal judges serve during ¨good behavior¨ ,which generally means for life
- Why?- allows judges to be free from political pressures when deciding cases (don
- Supreme court decisions are explained in a written statement called an opinion
- !st Amendment
- The 1st amendment guarantees freedom of religion, speech, the press, assembly, and petition.
- This means that we all have the right to: practice any religion, to speak freely, to assemble (meet), to address the government (petition), to publish newspapers, TV, radio, Internet (press).
- The second amendment protects the right to bear arms, which means the right to own a gun.
- The third amendment says, "No soldier shall, in time of peace be quartered in any house, without the consent of the owner, nor in time of war, but in a manner to be prescribed by law."
- This means that we cannot be forced to house or quarter soldiers.
- The fourth amendment protects the people from unreasonable searches and seizures.
- They can't go into your house without a warrant.
- The 5th Amendment protects people from being held for committing a crime unless they are properly indicated, (accused)
- Can't be tried twice for the same crime (double jeopardy)
- You don't have to testify against yourself in court.(self-incrimination).
- The sixth amendment guarantees a speedy trial (you can't be kept in jail for over a year without a trial).
- An impartial jury (doesn't already think you are guilty)
- The accused can confront witnesses against them
- The accused must be allowed to have a lawyer
- The seventh amendment guarantees the right to a speedy civil trial.
- A civil differs from a criminal trial. A civil trial is when someone sues someone else. A criminal trial is when the state tries to convict someone of a crime.
- The eighth amendment guarantees that punishments will be fair and not cruel, and that extraordinary large fines will not be set.
- All rights not stated in the constitution and not forbidden by the constitution belong to the people.
- This means that the states can do what they want if the constitution does not forbid it.
- The tenth amendment states that any power notconst granted to the federal government belongs to the states or to the people.
the french and indian war
cause of revolution
american revolution(battle timlines)
shays rebellion
constitutional convention
new jersey plan
virginia plan
great compromise
3 branches of governmnet
bill of rights
launching the republic-presentation notes
george w
john a
thomas j
james madison
james monroe
john qa
andrew j
Manifest Destiny
This picture shows an angel that is leading the settlers west to freedom. The angel in this picture represents the spirit of the settlers that are traveling to freedom. The angel is like their determination to travel that is constantly reminding them of what awaits them in their new life. The people in this picture show how much this journey means to them. If there is this many people coming to the west, it must mean a lot to them. The stagecoaches that they are using to carry their supplies symbolize how they are carrying their good parts of their old life with them to their new life. And finally, the darkness on the left of the painting represents the unknown land that they are about to settle on in their new life.
This picture shows an angel that is leading the settlers west to freedom. The angel in this picture represents the spirit of the settlers that are traveling to freedom. The angel is like their determination to travel that is constantly reminding them of what awaits them in their new life. The people in this picture show how much this journey means to them. If there is this many people coming to the west, it must mean a lot to them. The stagecoaches that they are using to carry their supplies symbolize how they are carrying their good parts of their old life with them to their new life. And finally, the darkness on the left of the painting represents the unknown land that they are about to settle on in their new life.
This is a picture of a map of the Civil War states.
Abraham Lincoln
Abraham Lincoln was the 16th president of the United States. He was president from 1861 to 1865. He issued the Emancipation Proclamation in 1863 to free all slaves in the Confederate states.
George McClellan
George B. McClennan was the Major General for the Union army. After a major defeat , he was removed as General-in-chief, and was told to go to New Jersey and await orders (which never came). He then got into politics, and was nominated for the Democratic candidate for president.
George Meade
George Meade was a Union general born in Cadiz, Spain. He became a brigadier general in 1861 commanded a brigade in Pennsylvania. He also worked under George McClellan. In 1863 he was given command of the Potomac army.
Joseph Hooker
He was a brigadier general in the Union. He commanded a division under General George McClennan. Hooker improved the conditions for the soldiers including food, medical care, and leave. He retired from the army in 1868.
Robert Gould Shaw
Shaw was a reluctant leader in the 54th Massachusetts Infantry, one of the first African-American regiments in the Civil War. Shaw and his men led an attack on Battery Wagner, where he was killed.
Ulysses S. Grant
He was a general and commander of the Union armies. He then became the 18th president.
William T. Sherman
Sherman first saw action at the battle on Manassas as a brigade leader in Tyler's division. He impressed Lincoln as was promoted to brigadier general. He was then promoted to Major General of volunteers in 1862. He finally became a full general, General-in -Chief of the army from 1869- 1883.
Ambrose Burnside
He led the 1st Rhode Island Infantry in the Battle of Manassas, where he became a brigadier general. He was then promoted to Major General in 1862 after leading the Carolina Expeditionary Force. He was relieved of his duties as General after a huge defeat at the Battle of Fredericksburg. Fun Fact: Sideburns are called sideburns because of his last name.
David G. Farragut
He joined the navy at the age of 12 in 1810. He was rewarded the rank Rear Admiral, for taking the city and port of New Orleans. He became admiral in 1866, and died in 1870.
Robert E. Lee
Robert E. Lee was the leading Confederate General during the Civil War and was seen as a very heroic figure in the South.
Stonewall Jackson
He was a leading Confederate General in the Civil War, commanding forces at Manassas, Antietam, Fredericksburg, and Chancellorsville.
George Pickett
He was a Major General in the Confederate States. Leading Pickett's division, First Corps, and the Army of Northern Virginia.
P.G.T. Beauregard
Beauregard served as a general in the Confederate Army during the Civil War. He participated in major battles at Fort Sumter and Bull Run.
James Longstreet
Longstreet was a confederate general. Some southerners felt that he was the reason they were defeated at Gettysburg.
Civil War Battles
Battle of Fort Sumter
The Battle of Fort Sumter happened on April 12, 1861. General P.G.T Beauregard led his troops to surround the Charleston Harbour. He opened fire Union garrison holding Fort Sumter. The next day, Robert Anderson surrendered, and the fort was evacuated.
First Battle of Bull Run
35,000 Union troops traveled to a river (Bull Run) and attacked a group of Confederate soldiers. The South were defending all day, but ended up getting past the Union forces and made them retreat back to Washington. This Confederate victory gave them much more confidence. This was the first major battle of the civil War.
Monitor V. Merrimack
The Confederate Ironclad (steamboat) traveled to Hampton Roads Virginia to attack other Union ships. On March 9, 1862, there was the first battle on ships of the Civil War. The two ships; Monitor (Union) and Virginia (Confederacy) battle to a standstill until Virginia retired.
Battle of Shiloh
Confederate soldiers attacked the Union near Pittsburgh, on the Tennessee river. The surrounded the Union forces in a place called the ¨Hornet´s Nest¨, where they mortally wounded General Albert Sydney Johnston. He was replaced by PGT Beauregard. The two day battle had more than 23,000 casualties and was the bloodiest battle yet.
Capture of New Orleans
David Farragut led 24 gun boats, 19 mortar boats, and 15000 soldiers in a daring run past the forts. The Union plowed right through the Mississippi sinking eight ships. The Union surrendered on April 29th, and New Orleans had no protection. All the confederate flags were lowered and were replaced with the stars and stripes.
Battle of Antietam
The Union attacked the South in a series of powerful attacks in 1862 in Maryland. The super bloody battle eventually ended in a draw, but the Confederate retreat gave Lincoln the ¨victory¨ he was hoping for, before issuing the emancipation proclamation.
Emancipation Proclamation
The Emancipation Proclamation was issued by President Abraham Lincoln. It stated, ¨"that all persons held as slaves" within the rebellious states "are, and henceforward shall be free." It freed the slaves living states that are not controlled by the Union.
Fredericksburg & Chancellorsville
At Fredericksburg Ambrose Burnside mistakenly thought he could charge a hill and over take the confederates. The Union suffered heavy losses and General Burnside resigned as General. At Chancellorsville, the Confederates won but shot their own General Stonewall Jackson, and killed him.
The Seige of Vicksburg
Over nine months, Grant led a seige on vicksburg finally gaining victory on July 4, 1863. The North gained control of the Mississippi River thus splitting the Confederacy in two.
Battle of Gettysburg
Northern and Southern forces met by accident at Gettysburg. The first two days saw the south push the North back to Cemetery Ridge. On the 3rd day, Lee sent General Pickett over the ridge where they became easy targets. They were forced to retreat. The failed charge was known as "Pickett' s Charge".
Sherman' s March to the Sea
William T. Sherman led his soldiers on a 285 mile trek from Atlanta, GA to Savannah, GA. Their plan was to scare the citizens into abandoning the Confederate cause. They used total war by destroying anything important to the South including their food, supplies, houses, and barns.
Abe Lincoln' s Assassination
On April 14. 1865, John Wilkes Booth shot President Abraham Lincoln at Ford' s theater in Washington, DC. He died the next morning.
Surrender at Appomattox
General led his troops to Appomattox county for food and supplies, but when they got there they were trapped. The Union forces almost surrounded them, and they were forced to surrender.